XML Model Definitions for Likelihood
Below are example model definitions for Likelihood.
Spectral Models
PowerLaw
<source name="PowerLaw_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="PowerLaw"> <parameter free="1" max="1000.0" min="0.001" name="Prefactor" scale="1e-09" value="1"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.0" min="-5." name="Index" scale="1.0" value="-2.1"/> <parameter free="0" max="2000.0" min="30.0" name="Scale" scale="1.0" value="100.0"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
BrokenPowerLaw
<source name="BrokenPowerLaw_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="BrokenPowerLaw"> <parameter free="1" max="1000.0" min="0.001" name="Prefactor" scale="1e-09" value="1"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.0" min="-5." name="Index1" scale="1.0" value="-1.8"/> <parameter free="1" max="2000.0" min="30.0" name="BreakValue" scale="1.0" value="1000.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.0" min="-5." name="Index2" scale="1.0" value="-2.3"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
PowerLaw2
<source name="PowerLaw2_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="PowerLaw2"> <parameter free="1" max="1000.0" min="1e-05" name="Integral" scale="1e-06" value="1.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.0" min="-5.0" name="Index" scale="1.0" value="-2.0"/> <parameter free="0" max="200000.0" min="20.0" name="LowerLimit" scale="1.0" value="20.0"/> <parameter free="0" max="200000.0" min="20.0" name="UpperLimit" scale="1.0" value="2e5"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
BrokenPowerLaw2
<source name="BrokenPowerLaw2_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="BrokenPowerLaw2"> <parameter free="1" max="1000.0" min="0.001" name="Integral" scale="1e-04" value="1.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.0" min="-5.0" name="Index1" scale="1.0" value="-1.8"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.0" min="-5.0" name="Index2" scale="1.0" value="-2.3"/> <parameter free="1" max="10000.0" min="30.0" name="BreakValue" scale="1.0" value="1000.0"/> <parameter free="0" max="200000.0" min="20.0" name="LowerLimit" scale="1.0" value="20.0"/> <parameter free="0" max="200000.0" min="20.0" name="UpperLimit" scale="1.0" value="2e5"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
SmoothBrokenPowerLaw
<source name="SmoothBrokenPowerLaw_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="SmoothBrokenPowerLaw"> <parameter free="1" max="1e10" min="0.0" name="Prefactor" scale="1e-06" value="1.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.0" min="-5.0" name="Index1" scale="1.0" value="-2.0"/> <parameter free="0" max="2000.0" min="30.0" name="Scale" scale="1.0" value="100.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.0" min="-5.0" name="Index2" scale="1.0" value="-2.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="5e5" min="20" name="BreakValue" scale="1.0" value="1e3"/> <parameter free="1" max="10" min="0.01" name="Beta" scale="1.0" value="0.2"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
LogParabola
<source name="LogParabola_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="LogParabola"> <parameter free="1" max="1000.0" min="0.001" name="norm" scale="1e-9" value="1"/> <parameter free="1" max="10" min="0" name="alpha" scale="1.0" value="1"/> <parameter free="1" max="1e4" min="20" name="Eb" scale="1" value="300."/> <parameter free="1" max="10" min="0" name="beta" scale="1.0" value="2"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
ExpCutoff
<source name="ExpCutoff_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="ExpCutoff"> <parameter free="1" max="100000.0" min="0.01" name="Prefactor" scale="1e-09" value="50"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.0" min="-5." name="Index" scale="1.0" value="-2.1"/> <parameter free="0" max="2000.0" min="30.0" name="Scale" scale="1.0" value="100.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="300.0" min="1.0" name="Ebreak" scale="1.0" value="10.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="300.0" min="0.1" name="P1" scale="1000.0" value="100."/> <parameter free="0" max="1.0" min="-1.0" name="P2" scale="1.0" value="0"/> <parameter free="0" max="1.0" min="-1.0" name="P3" scale="1.0" value="0"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
BPLExpCutoff
<source name="BPLExpCutoff_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="BPLExpCutoff"> <parameter free="1" max="100000.0" min="0.01" name="Prefactor" scale="1e-09" value="1"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.001" min="-5." name="Index1" scale="1.0" value="-2.1"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.001" min="-5." name="Index2" scale="1.0" value="-2.1"/> <parameter free="1" max="10000.0" min="1.0" name="BreakValue" scale="1.0" value="1000.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="300.0" min="1.0" name="Eabs" scale="1.0" value="10.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="300.0" min="0.1" name="P1" scale="1000.0" value="100."/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
Gaussian
<source name="Gaussian_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="Gaussian"> <parameter free="1" max="1000.0" min="0.001" name="Prefactor" scale="1e-09" value="1"/> <parameter free="1" max="1e5" min="1e3" name="Mean" scale="1.0" value="7e4"/> <parameter free="1" max="30" min="1e4" name="Sigma" scale="1.0" value="1e3"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
ConstantValue
<source name="ConstantValue_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="ConstantValue"> <parameter free="0" max="10" min="0" name="Value" scale="1" value="1"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
FileFunction
<source name="FileFunction_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum file="foo.dat" type="FileFunction"> <parameter free="1" max="1e5" min="1e-5" name="Normalization" scale="1" value="1.0"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
BandFunction
<source name="BandFunction_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="BandFunction"> <parameter free="1" max="1000.0" min="1e-05" name="norm" scale="1e-09" value="1.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.0" min="-5.0" name="alpha" scale="1.0" value="-1.8"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.0" min="-5.0" name="beta" scale="1.0" value="-2.5"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.0" min="-5.0" name="Ep" scale="1." value="0.1"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
PLSuperExpCutoff
<source name="PLSuperExpCutoff_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="PLSuperExpCutoff"> <parameter free="1" max="1000" min="1e-05" name="Prefactor" scale="1e-07" value="1"/> <parameter free="1" max="0" min="-5" name="Index1" scale="1" value="-1.7"/> <parameter free="0" max="1000" min="50" name="Scale" scale="1" value="200"/> <parameter free="1" max="30000" min="500" name="Cutoff" scale="1" value="3000"/> <parameter free="1" max="5" min="0" name="Index2" scale="1" value="1.5"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
PLSuperExpCutoff2
<source name="PLSuperExpCutoff2_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="PLSuperExpCutoff2"> <parameter free="1" max="1000" min="0" name="Prefactor" scale="1e-11" value="10.976"/> <parameter free="1" max="5" min="-1.5" name="Index1" scale="1" value="-1.436"/> <parameter free="0" max="1000" min="0.001" name="Scale" scale="1000" value="1"/> <parameter free="1" max="1" min="-1" name="Expfactor" scale="1.0" value="0.001"/> <parameter free="0" max="2" min="0" name="Index2" scale="1" value="1"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
PLSuperExpCutoff3
<source name="PLSuperExpCutoff3_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="PLSuperExpCutoff3"> <parameter free="1" max="1000" min="1e-5" name="Prefactor" scale="1e-11" value="1.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="5" min="-1.5" name="IndexS" scale="1" value="-1.7"/> <parameter free="0" max="1000" min="0.001" name="Scale" scale="1000" value="1"/> <parameter free="1" max="10" min="0" name="Expfactor2" scale="1.0" value="2"/> <parameter free="0" max="2" min="0" name="Index2" scale="1" value="1.0"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
PLSuperExpCutoff4
<source name="PLSuperExpCutoff4_source" type="PointSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 --> <spectrum type="PLSuperExpCutoff4"> <parameter free="1" max="1000" min="1e-5" name="Prefactor" scale="1e-11" value="1.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="0" min="-5" name="IndexS" scale="1" value="-1.7"/> <parameter free="0" max="1000" min="0.001" name="Scale" scale="1000" value="1"/> <parameter free="1" max="5" min="0" name="ExpfactorS" scale="1.0" value="0.4"/> <parameter free="0" max="2" min="-0.5" name="Index2" scale="1.0" value="0.66"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360." min="-360." name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.45"/> <parameter free="0" max="90." min="-90." name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="21.72"/> </spatialModel> </source>
DMFitFunction
<source name="DM_Example" type="PointSource"> <spectrum file="$(BASE_DIR)/data/Likelihood/gammamc_dif.dat" type="DMFitFunction"> <parameter error="1." free="0" max="1.e+5" min="1.e-5" name="norm" scale="1.e+20" value="5.0" /> <parameter error="1." free="0" max="5000.0" min="0." name="sigmav" scale="1.e-26" value="3.0" /> <parameter error="1." free="0" max="5000.0" min="1." name="mass" scale="1.0" value="10"/> <parameter error="0.1" free="0" max="1.0" min="0.0" name="bratio" scale="1.0" value="1"/> <parameter free="0" max="10" min="1" name="channel0" scale="1.0" value="4"/> <parameter free="0" max="10" min="1" name="channel1" scale="1.0" value="1"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel type="SkyDirFunction"> <parameter free="0" max="360" min="-360" name="RA" scale="1.0" value="128.8272"/> <parameter free="0" max="90" min="-90" name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="-45.1762"/> </spatialModel> </source>
Spatial Models
To use an extended spatial model such as SpatialMap or MapCubeFunction with Unbinned Likelihood or Binned Likelihood, one must include the map_based_integral attribute in the spatialModel portion of the XML model definition. This attribute is not recommended for all-sky models (e.g. interstellar emission models) because it is too computationally intensive and provides no obvious improvements. An example is provided below:
SpatialMap
<source name="SpatialMap_source" type="DiffuseSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 sr^-1 --> <spectrum type="PowerLaw2"> <parameter free="1" max="1000.0" min="1e-05" name="Integral" scale="1e-06" value="1.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.0" min="-5.0" name="Index" scale="1.0" value="-2.0"/> <parameter free="0" max="200000.0" min="20.0" name="LowerLimit" scale="1.0" value="20.0"/> <parameter free="0" max="200000.0" min="20.0" name="UpperLimit" scale="1.0" value="2e5"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel file="$(PATH_TO_FILE)/SpatialMap_source.fits" type="SpatialMap" map_based_integral="true"> <parameter free="0" max="1000.0" min="0.001" name="Prefactor" scale= "1.0" value="1.0"/> </spatialModel> </source>
MapCubeFunction
<source name="MapCubeFunction_source" type="DiffuseSource"> <!-- point source units are cm^-2 s^-1 MeV^-1 sr^-1 --> <spectrum type="PowerLaw2"> <parameter free="1" max="1000.0" min="1e-05" name="Integral" scale="1e-06" value="1.0"/> <parameter free="1" max="-1.0" min="-5.0" name="Index" scale="1.0" value="-2.0"/> <parameter free="0" max="200000.0" min="20.0" name="LowerLimit" scale="1.0" value="20.0"/> <parameter free="0" max="200000.0" min="20.0" name="UpperLimit" scale="1.0" value="2e5"/> </spectrum> <spatialModel file="$(PATH_TO_FILES)/MapCubeFunction_source.fits" type="SpatialMap" map_based_integral="true"> <parameter free="0" max="1000.0" min="0.001" name="Normalization" scale= "1.0" value="1.0"/> </spatialModel> </source>
Radial Models
Users can now model individual sources with RadialDisk or RadialGaussian models. An example is provided below:
RadialDisk
<spatialModel type="RadialDisk"> <parameter free="0" max="10" min="0" name="Radius" scale="1" value="0.2" /> <parameter free="0" max="360" min="-360" name="RA" scale="1" value="166.1138" /> <parameter free="0" max="90" min="-90" name="DEC" scale="1" value="38.2088" /> </spatialModel>
RadialGaussian
<spatialModel type="RadialGaussian">
<parameter free="0" max="10" min="0" name="Sigma" scale="1" value="0.2" />
<parameter free="0" max="360" min="-360" name="RA" scale="1" value="166.1138" />
<parameter free="0" max="90" min="-90" name="DEC" scale="1" value="38.2088" />
</spatialModel>